The International Code Of Medical Ethics - 1414 Words

I think those who have a terminal illness and are in great pain should have the right to choose to end their lives, and those who help them should be free from prosecution, British cosmologist Stephen Hawking told the BBC. Live and Death is directly or indirectly controlled by universal energy to whom we call God. A person who is suffering from the severe brain damage, his/her body system is partially working but brain is almost dead has universal right to live till his/her last breath but, as human being we can see him/her suffering. Our brain has total control over the Central Neurone System, every sense and movement has been controlled by directly or indirectly by brain. The International Code of Medical Ethics, last revised in 2006,†¦show more content†¦If we think that once patient get consciousness and he/she would be alright as he/she was then it is just false hope. He/she might have body but body without soul, because he could have lost almost his/her vision, body movements, senses and he/she might have paralysis. He/she can’t even move single inch without help. He/she can’t even feel sleep so such person need assistance 24/7 hours. It is really hard or selfless decision for family to tell Doctors â€Å"Patient wouldn’t want to live†. It doesn’t show that they don’t have mercy or they don’t love patients but it shows that they can’t see suffering their beloved one. They care for him/her so they want him/her free from the pain or suffering. Those who are opposing them to kill the patient have same sympathy for patient but they should think beyond their emotions and feelings. They s hould think over the current and future situation (If patient gets consciousness) of the patient calmly and then tell their opinion. We should be fighting for the right to decent end of life care, said Herbert Hendin, a psychiatrist who has done extensive research on this issue. If you ask people if they want the right to die of course people want the right to die, but it s a spurious right. More important is the right to have the care that is necessary. It is totally illegal and against the law of nature of ‘life and death’. Now we can see the medical science has become more advanced technically and scientifically

Analysis Of The Poem Sunset - 1160 Words

Sunset Intro The year is 2075. A superior alien race called Crustinians have enslaved humanity to feed their ever-growing labor demands. They have prisoned every alive human into sectors based on their profession. I am in Sector – 13 since I am an optometrist. As a young man, I didn’t like the outdoors – hated everything from amusement parks to zoos. Yet, today, 10th April 2075, is the day I break out of captivity to watch for the very last time, the Sun dip in the sea from the Olympus Beach. It is fascinating what 15 years of imprisonment can do to you. Escape to Olympus Beach It was time. As I descended into the tunnels and made my way through them, I wondered if the sun was just as warm and golden as it was in the pre- Crustinian era. An hour and a half later, I climbed out of the manhole and it was everything I had imagined and more. The sun shone brightly, sparkling off the shimmering water which reflected like crystals. The light deluged over the grass and pierced even the darkest shadows. Heat rose from the ground in waves, creating the illusion of rippling water. The only escape from the scorching sunlight was beneath the pine trees that lined the shore, and even some dappled light streamed through the canopy, leaving tiny shapes on the ground in intricate patterns. I removed my shoes and felt the warm, soft sand under my feet as my cheeks became cold from the light breeze from the sea. It was the perfect opportunity to relax. At the Olympus Beach I have neverShow MoreRelatedPoem Analysis : Love Sunsets 1214 Words   |  5 PagesI used to love sunsets. I adored the drifting of the sun back beyond the horizon, vibrant colors dancing across the sky, giving off the last bit of light before disappearing into darkness beautiful, but not anymore. The way the shadows elongate on the ground, as the sun slowly lowers herself below the landscape and day turns into night brings memories of the worst moments of my life, the terrifying escape from the people who thought we knew too much, the people who wanted us dead. My father wasRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Blood Red Sunset 1547 Words   |  7 PagesBlood Red Sunset is a record of Ma Bo s life and which stunned people all through China when it was distributed and was even prohibited by the Communist Government for a set time. This story paints a picture for what the Chinese Cultural Revolution truly was. Chinese living today can bear witness to if this was the life that they had at this time to persevere amid the Cultural Revolution comparable if not indistinguishable experiences as told in Ma Bo s story. The drudges of being a youthful RedRead MoreT.S. Eliot Preludes Structure832 Words   |  4 PagesPrelude IV is the last installment of a four part series of poems from legendary poet T.S Eliot. Like most of Eliot’s writing, including the three other installments of the preludes, Prelude IV criticizes the modern world and the state of humanity living in it. The goal of this essay is to interpret the specific criticisms within the po em as well as analyse its structure as well as its semantics. Structural Analysis Interpretation As previously stated, the core message of the entire PreludesRead MoreAn Analysis of a Young Mans Thoughts Before June 16th - Fhazel Johennesse1555 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis of ‘A Young Man’s Thoughts before June the 16th’ – Fhazel Johennesse The historical background to the poem is June 16th 1976. This date marks the Soweto Uprising which was initiated in Soweto by black high school students. The students were protesting against being taught in Afrikaans in their local schools. The demonstration was meant to be peaceful and was secretly planned to avoid discovery by the police. On the morning of June the 16th, thousands of youths gathered with the plan toRead MoreAnalysis Of Peter Pereira s The Floating Bridge Press872 Words   |  4 PagesPoetry Analysis Peter Pereira is a physician at an urban clinic in Seattle and the founder of the Floating Bridge Press. Pereira base the theme of most of his poems on domestic life, suffering and the human condition of what he witnesses in his field of work. One example of his go-to theme of the human condition is Reconsidering the Seven; it is a brief poem that depicts on how un-deadly the seven biblical sins really are, through the use of tone and literary devices. From stanza to stanza, theRead MoreSonnet 73 : Love, Death, And Immortality Through Words1461 Words   |  6 Pageskinds of poems with different emotions, his theme of this love for this person comes across throughout many of them. He seems to want to continue to immortalize this person, and the love he has for them. Throughout the poem, he is actually trying to look at himself through objectively, and in this see what this person that he loves might see. During this analysis, I would like to argue how this theme is conveyed sonnet, while analyzing the different aspects of it. To start off the analysis, I willRead MoreEnglish 10B Unit 4 Analysis of Poetry1144 Words   |  5 Pages4: Analysis of Poetry This Unit Activity will help you meet these educational goals: 21st Century Skills—You will use critical-thinking and problem-solving skills and communicate effectively. Introduction In this activity, you will read and analyze three poems by different poets and examine the similarities and differences among them. __________________________________________________________________________ Directions and Analysis Task 1: Read and Analyze Poetry Read these poems, whichRead More An Analysis of Shakespeares Sonnet 73 Essay example1241 Words   |  5 PagesAn Analysis of Shakespeares Sonnet 73      Ã‚   Sonnet 73 by William Shakespeare is widely read and studied. But what is Shakespeare   trying to say? Though it seems there will not be a simple answer, for a better understanding of Shakespeares Sonnet 73, this essay offers an explication of the sonnet from The Norton Anthology of English Literature:      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   That time of year thou mayst in me behold   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When yellow leaves, or none, or few, do hang   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   UponRead MoreExploring the Symbolism and Historical Allusions in Langston Hughes The Negro Speaks of Rivers1311 Words   |  5 PagesHughes and how he viewed himself within the world and society. In the process of examining the poem and beginning to create a structure, I had to not only look at the superficial meaning of what Hughes was saying, but also look for alternative meanings of what he said. Additionally, I had to tie in my knowledge of history and society, which helped me to better understand Hughes and what he wrote. I chose this poem over Phyllis Wheatleys On Being Brought from Africa to America because I felt that HughesRead MoreField of Autumn, by Laurie Lee839 Words   |  4 PagesThe poem, â€Å"Field of Autumn†, by Laurie Lee exposes the languorous passage of time along with the unavoidability of closure, more precisely; death, by describing a shift of seasons. In six stanzas, with four sentences each, the author also contrasts two different branches of time; past and future. Death and slowness are the main motifs of this literary work, and are efficiently portrayed through the overall assonance of the letter â€Å"o†, which helps the reader understand the tranquility of the poem by

Characters Of Outsiders In Society - 1111 Words

In Eudora Welty’s A Worn Path† and Sherwood Anderson’s â€Å"Hands,† both authors present main characters that are isolated in their respective societies. In Welty’s work, Phoenix Jackson is an outsider because she removed herself form the normal life of society by living in the wildlife. Similarly, in Anderson’s work, Wing Biddlebaum, after being accused, choose to remove him from the society and avoided interaction with other people. Therefore, both characters are outsiders in their communities by choosing to live in isolation, away from other people. First of all, there are many different types of outsiders in society based on various reasons. According to dictionary.com, an outsider is â€Å"a person not belonging to a particular group, set,†¦show more content†¦In the start of the story author mentions that â€Å"Old Phoenix said, Out of my way, all you foxes, owls, beetles, jack rabbits, coons and wild animals!. . . Keep out from under these feet, little bob-whites.... Keep the big wild hogs out of my path† (Welty 1). This thing shows that Phoenix was living far away from human development. She was living in wild with no human around her and this makes her an outsider. Furthermore, the author further explains the idea by saying, â€Å"As Phoenix journeys through the forest to Natchez, her path takes her from a nonhuman natural world into a space impacted by human issues of race, gender, and class† (Claxton 74). It further puts light on the same idea that she was living in forest, in nonhuman natural wor ld, and she was not affected by the issues like race, gender, and class, which people at that time were facing. Therefore, she is an outsider. The similarity between the two characters which makes them an outsider is that the both have only one person who is close to them. Anderson writes at one place, â€Å"Among all the people of Winesburg but one had come close to him† (1). In the whole town there was only one person â€Å"George Willard†, who had any kind of relation with Wing. Further, supporting this point Sias mention in his journal that â€Å"The contested scene occurs when Wing Biddlebaums manner of talking to George Willard, the only person with whom he has any sort of relationship, is described:† (30). The author adding to the same idea thatShow MoreRelatedMersault, Antigone and Gregor as Outsiders Essay1226 Words   |  5 PagesMersault, Antigone and Gregor as Outsiders In every society there is an outsider, a person who stands out amongst the crowd, someone who does not fit in with the norm. Most of the time it is obvious who the outsider in a group is, but sometimes it takes a deeper look into the personality and characteristics of a person to see the traitsRead MoreOutsiders in Brave New World Essay886 Words   |  4 PagesOutsiders are a very common theme in the novel Brave New World by Aldous Huxley. Many characters show traits of an outsider. John is one character who fits the bill. He is the ultimate outsider. Other outsiders in the book are Bernard and Linda. All of these characters have traits that make it difficult for them to â€Å"fit in† to the society of the New World. They don’t fit in a conforming society. These three characters are perfect examples of outsiders in Brave New World. Bernard is an outsiderRead MoreThe Picture Of Dorian Gray957 Words   |  4 Pagesexplores the theme of outsiders in his 1890 novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray. He infuses what it means to be an outsider in almost every character in the story. The most important of these characters are Dorian Gray, Henry, and Basil. Each show what it means to be an outsider in his own individual way; whether it is an outsider among society, among a group of friends, or from a person’s own self. The main character, Dorian Gray, possesses most attributes of being an outsider. The most obvious wayRead MoreThe Outsiders By Susan Eloise Hinton1445 Words   |  6 Pagesvariety of novels throughout my educational career has been an essential portion of my life furthermore; I believe the Irvine Unified School District should teach the novel â€Å"The Outsiders† by Susan Eloise Hinton. This novel has many themes and morals that fit perfectly with it, but the main one is to show how our society segregates people based on their looks and appearance. I believe this novel is suitable for young adults between the ages of twelve and sixteen because this novel gives them an insightRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne.’ Essay1047 Words   |  5 PagesAn outsider is someone who functions outside or on the verge of society; someone who is alienated, misunderstood or misjudged by a person or group of people. To be an outsider would be to hold views of a controve rsial nature, usually the opposite of what is socially acceptable. Hester Prynne is such an example. It is through the use of her as an outsider; her actions, opinions, morals and portrayal which show how The Outsider Novel is or isn’t just another name for the novel of social protest. Read MoreCompare And Contrast A Rose For Emily And A Good Man Is Hard To Find1000 Words   |  4 Pagespresent main characters who are contrasting to the people in their society. In Faulkner’s work, Emily Grierson is an outsider because she hides herself from the people in town for more than thirty years. They have no clue that she has kept homers body in her home for so long until the day she dies. Also, in O’Connor’s work, the grandmother describes herself as a Pure, good woman but her actions contradict her by proving she’s manipulative and evil. In this way, both characters are outsiders by choosingRead MoreOthello as an outsider Essay768 Words   |  4 Pages Othello, by William Shakespeare, explores the idea of an outsider from the very beginning of the play. Shakespeare uses Othello, a black army general, to explore the relationship of an outsider in high Venetian society using a variety of approaches. The reader sees characters consistently referring to Othello in derogatory and demeaning terms, as well as frequent implications that Othello is scarcely human. Further exploration of an outsider in society comes from Othello himself, as he outlines a few ofRead MoreAnalysis Of Aldous Huxley s Brave New World 831 Words   |  4 Pagesstate. As a result, the â€Å"outsider† level can be applies to more than one character in the novel. Prove that this statement is true General Statement: In society, an outsider is a person who doesn’t belong to any particular group. Attention Getter: In Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World, there are a few characters who do not follow by the rules of the World State and are labelled as outsiders. Answer Sentence: In the novel there are protagonists that are considered outsiders such John, Bernard, andRead MoreOutsider Insiders And Outsiders1323 Words   |  6 Pagesand outsiders are prevalent in society. This is due to human nature desiring to belong. It is specifically evident in teenagers due to their social environment and fear of being an outcast in their school, therefore forming social structures according to stereotypes and their differences even leading to family conflict. Teenagers are naturally subjected to power, the dominant groups having influence over other groups. Location plays a big role too in who is considered an insider or an outsider. PeopleRead More Dracula as the Persecuted Outsider in Bram Stokers Dracula Essays1690 Words   |  7 PagesDracula as the Persecuted Outsider in Bram Stokers Dracula Bram Stokers Dracula is highly acclaimed and has received many different interpretations which deal with complex symbolisms and metaphors. 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The American International Group A Leading International...

The American International Group â€Å"is a leading international insurance organization serving customers in more than 100 countries.† When this organization crashed in September 2008 it saved by the skin of its teeth by the Federal Reserve which owned by the government proved a bailout for The American International Group. This bailout caused The American International Group to become one of the most debated player in the finical crises of 2008–2009. The American International Group is run by a group of individuals who only were looking out for themselves and solely because of this the company eventually met its downfall, however it would soon rise again in the near future. The company is a company involved â€Å"in a high-stakes risk-taking scheme† this is supported by managers and employees of AIG. The company had around 116,000 employees, about 500 employees per unit. However what brought the company down was its Financial Products unit this unit solely spe cializes in products, â€Å"and other financial contracts that were tied to subprime mortgages† or merchandises. This unit had generated billions, and billions of profit for The American International Group, however its dealings were risky and possibly illegal. The former CEO Maurice â€Å"Hank† Greenberg of The American International Group had suspected that the Financial Products unit were involved in some risky possibly illegal activity, this was brought to surface after Liddy had admitted this to former Treasury Secretary HankShow MoreRelated Aetna: A Target Market Analysis Essay1394 Words   |  6 Pagesnecessity and while analyzing the company’s strategies and structure, one can recognize the un-doubtful organization in identifying their target market. Through the creation of different subsidiaries, Aetna, Inc. is able to organize its target market and classify their various services based on the target market’s specific demographics. Primary and Secondary Target Markets Being a giant in the insurance market in the United States, Aetna, Inc’s target market is widely spread and can’t be simply classifiedRead MoreThe American International Group, Inc ( Aig )890 Words   |  4 PagesIn today’s global environment, companies often send their employees across the world in order to improve the organization s performance and stay competitive. American International Group, Inc (AIG) is a leading international insurance organization serving customers in more than 100 countries. AIG was first found in Shanghai, China in 1919. A several years later, American International Underwriters of AIG established the first headquarter in New York City. 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Honesty is the foundation of their organization.   The company strives for transparency in reporting and regulatory relationships.   They deliver solutions that improve the health and well-being of individuals.   UnitedHealth Group strives to communicate their objectives and goals clearly and create ways to measure their progress towards these set goals.   Utilizing scientific businessRead MoreHealth Policy And Process Hlsc 3631u1444 Words   |  6 Pages With millions of Americans losing jobs, unemployed, uninsured and leading to bankruptcy, which has taken a toll on peoples lives and the healthcare system. This paper will examine and discuss the care identified in Sick Around America and some of the dilemmas they face in keeping it. As well discussing the major differences between the USA and the Canadian healthcare systems. Examining healthcare insurance for Americans In the United States, there are many health insurance offered in the marketRead MoreThe World Health Organization Essay examples594 Words   |  3 PagesThe World Health Organization (WHO) is the United Nations specialized agency for health, and was established on April 7, 1948. The WHOs objective, is the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health. The WHO defines health in its Constitution as, a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. The World Health Organization uses several categories to establish standards that show how countries stand up to othersRead MoreSwot Analysis1235 Words   |  5 Pagestelecommunication systems and technology will facilitate the improvement and strengthening of the Bank’s international business and ATM services, and the development of new services, such as telephone banking. The increased access to computers by customers will allow the bank to reach more target groups through electronic communication. The tourism industry is growing - cruise ship berth was built, new international airport coming, hotel industry developing, new foreign investors- which should introduce moreRead MoreGlobal Strategy Of Hong Kong And Shanghai Bank Essay1734 Words   |  7 PagesChina† 1. â€Å"How has HSBC adapted its global strategy to operate in China, both before and after China’s WTO accession?† China’s financial industry was just another piece of the centrally planned or command economy of China before any World Trade Organization (WTO) accession agreements were put in place. Regulated lending practices where govern for the banks to hewed to and indeed produced a few of China’s notable thriving businesses, at the same time sustained hundreds of additional incompetent andRead MoreGlobalization of Healthcare2071 Words   |  9 Pagestranslating x-rays in real time, outsourcing to India began to take place. âž ¢ Take advantage of time differences in different zones. The use of Indian radiologists was beneficial to the country as it ensured efficient time delivery. This is because American doctors could send x-rays to their Indian counterparts and receive translations in the morning due to the time time differences. âž ¢ Lower costs of medical services in other countries as compared to the higher costs in the United States. Outsourcing

Lims Free Essays

string(54) " will be a significant decrease in data entry errors\." LIMS In the typical scientific laboratory there is a large amount of data that must be tracked and analysed. In my current work setting we collect data from outside laboratories, analyse the data, and then return the data. We process thousands of samples per week. We will write a custom essay sample on Lims or any similar topic only for you Order Now This makes tracking and sorting the data very cumbersome. We basically serve as a clearinghouse for data to be batched out to our customers, the independent researcher. Our laboratory considers itself a high-throughput sequencing centre. Our daily objective is to make the lab more automated. We are continually striving to use more robots or automated data entry. For automated data entry we use bar codes. Bar coding tends to have fewer errors in data entry. It also allows us to generate a greater amount of information for any given sample. The more we can automate the process the more samples we are able to put through the system. Each of the independent researchers in the company is looking for a particular disease by identifying the disease-causing gene. Once the gene has been located the researcher must get the DNA sequence from the gene. That is our job. We at the sequencing centre take the DNA sample, with the gene, and run the sample on our automated machines. Once the sample has been analysed we put the analysed sample, also known as the DNA sequence, into a database that the researcher can access. This is a very general idea of what the Sequencing Centre does. The role of the Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS) is to keep track of this data. The accuracy of the LIMS is crucial for an efficient and effective workflow. The analysed sample must be coordinated with the correct sample name that the researcher gives to the Sequencing Centre. This means that everything must be entered into the database correctly. The data must also exist in a safe and accessible database. The data flow can be characterized in the following context diagram. We have just begun the implementation of a new LIMS system. Hopefully this analysis will help to guide our laboratory as we move towards its implementation. LIMS Functionality Different LIMS systems offer a variety of functionality. The systems have developed from simple data entry and record storage to complex relational database driven tools. They now offer enhanced functionality often provided over the wireless networks and company intranet, allowing greater flexibility for inspections in remote and difficult environments Regulations and Compliance The functionality of the LIMS system is far greater than just tracking and reporting on samples. LIMS systems must often comply with regulations that affect the user, for example a manufacturer of pharmaceuticals is obliged to operate under the cGMP 21 CFR Part 210 – Current Good Manufacturing Practice in Manufacturing, Processing, Packing, or Holding of Drugs. Other regulations that LIMS systems must operate under include HIPAA, ISO 9001, and ISO 15189. It is important for systems to have the ability to accept e-signatures, as well as offer audit trails and chain of custody. These types of functionality are required to ensure that the correct persons have access to the sample and the results of the sample inspection Equipment Calibration and Maintenance When inspections are carried out the equipment used to extract the sample and to test the sample must be maintained correctly and calibrated so that there are no errors introduced into the test results. The LIMS system should contain maintenance records of the equipment used in testing so that notifications can be generated to perform regular preventive maintenance. With some instruments and equipment, the requirement may include calibration after a certain number of uses, for example the use of a depth micrometre may require that it is calibrated after 50 uses or every month, whichever comes first. LIMS systems can also contain the calibration instructions so that a notification and a calibration instruction sheet can be sent to the maintenance department or a specialty outside vendor. LIMS Expansion Pre-1982 Laboratory notebooks and handwritten reports/charts were used to track and report information. In-house information systems were configured by a few laboratories. Custom-built LIMS became available from third-party vendors. 1982 The first commercial LIMS, known as first generation (1G) LIMS, are introduced. These 1G LIMS placed laboratory functions onto a single minicomputer, providing greater lab productivity and functionality as well as the first automated reporting capabilities. 1988 Second generation (2G) LIMS become available. 2G LIMS used the available market technology of third-party commercial relational databases (RDB) to provide application-specific solutions. Most 2G LIMS relied on minicomputers, but PC-based solutions were beginning to emerge. 1991 The move toward open systems ushered in third generation (3G) LIMS, which combined the PC’s easy to use interface and standardized desktop tools with the power and security of minicomputer servers in a client/server configuration. 1995 Fourth generation (4G) LIMS decentralize the architecture further. Processing can be performed anywhere on the network. Thus, all clients and servers can operate in either capacity depending upon the data load at any particular instance Pros and Cons Most LIMS products allow the laboratory to; register work requests; print analytical worksheets; monitor and communicate sample/technique backlogs; schedule work; acquire and store analytical data; monitor the quality of all analytical work; approve analytical data for client release; print and store analytical reports and invoices; protect the security of all data; track and locate samples in storage; track and communicate all quality control in the laboratory; provide laboratory management with production and financial statistics and with client information, e. . , names, addresses, sales figures, etc. An appropriately designed and installed LIMS can quickly bring accuracy and accessibility to the flow of samples and data in any laboratory. The real value of a LIMS is the ability to maximize sample throughput and minimize labour costs. Laboratory throughput is improved in a number of different ways. The most obvious gain in productivity occurs through the elimination of data entry via on-line instruments. Also, there will be a significant decrease in data entry errors. You read "Lims" in category "Papers" Finally, the up-to-date sample in-flow data available from a typical LIMS allows laboratory supervisors and bench personnel to better schedule analytical work, minimize â€Å"downtime† and maximize batch size. Some other effects are that there are better visible quality control checks and centralized data. The ability to monitor, track and communicate data and quality control information gives the laboratory the tools to improve methods and work practices. The end result is that people in the lab able to process more samples per hour worked. The problems Rushed or Incomplete Installation LIMS installation can be expensive. As a result laboratory management has a tendency to reduce costs by shortening the time spent on-site by the design team. In addition, several installation phases may be required in order to allow laboratory personnel time to learn and apply each LIMS feature before adding the next. Effective communication between the bench personnel and the design team is key to ensuring a successful project. The best way to facilitate this communication is by extending and phasing the installation. Lack of Technician Access to the LIMS A problem that arises in some organizations as laboratory and support staff begin to use the system is a failure to recognize and remove access bottlenecks. For a LIMS to function smoothly all personnel must have their own access point. Access expansion can usually be spread over six to eighteen months as the laboratory assimilates the LIMS and usage increases. Design/Scoping Procedure The design/scoping stage prior to acquiring our LIMS has involved the review and analysis of available software/hardware packages as well as the definition and documentation of our laboratory’s requirements. The error here is could be that bench personnel are excluded from the process. To resolve this problem we have had frequent meetings with the personnel in our lab. Some laboratories might go into a LIMS program believing that future requirements for bench level supervision will be reduced or eliminated. It has been recognized by many that LIMS is simply a tool and as such cannot manage the laboratory or take the place of personnel supervision. A LIMS will effectively provide current, reliable and complete operational data. The easy access to accurate data allows management to significantly enhance the quality and speed of decision making. Decision making becomes based more on fact rather than instincts. Many LIMS products tend to function more like accounting or financial databases. This could be related to the educational and work experience of most software professionals. The demand for financial and accounting database packages means that the software industry is more familiar with this type of requirement than with a highly technical application like a LIMS. Thus, the average software professional does not usually have the background to effectively interpret a laboratory’s requirements. This communication problem can manifest itself in LIMS systems that do not easily fit into laboratory operations. Often the laboratory must significantly alter procedures and work flow in order to conform to the LIMS. This requirement for wholesale change significantly complicates LIMS installations and it might have poor acceptance and commitment support personnel to the project. A similar problem often occurs in large organizations with dedicated Information System (IS), departments. Significant conflict and problems can arise when IS personnel recommend the most up-to-date hardware or software architecture regardless of the functionality, fit or overall cost to the laboratory. The end result of this process is that the laboratory must undergo significant change in order to conform to the product purchased. In the extreme case laboratories can wind-up having to increase overhead, e. g. , more data handling, in order to use LIMS systems that have been designed not for the laboratory but for the accounting or production departments. The keys to success are flexibility, adaptability, ease of evolution and support, and most importantly overall system speed. The speed issue is very critical as bench personnel will not use something that is slow or awkward. If the system saves bench personnel time they will quickly â€Å"buy into† the project and aggressively move the process forward. The key in any LIMS development should be to achieve a majority of the desired functionality without compromising system speed. Most laboratories need time to assimilate a LIMS before being able to take full advantage of all of its features. As a result of this ‘break-in period’ the more complex features can usually be postponed a year or two without affecting the success of the program. [17] This implementation delay may also allow laboratory personnel the chance to provide more input into the critical final stages of system optimization. Installation Stage The goal of any LIMS installation must be to acquire a system that will make the jobs of bench personnel easier and thus increase the efficiency of the organization. In order to be successful, the LIMS system must be accepted and welcomed by the bench personnel. Often the first contact front-line personnel have with the new system is during installation, long after all decisions have been made. This situation often leads to significant software and LIMS configuration problems that require major software re-writes, hardware retro-fits and/or disruptive organizational changes. In addition, analytical and support staff are more likely to resist the new system if they have had little input into its design and operational characteristics. The installation phase of a LIMS program is critical to the overall success of the project. It is during LIMS installation that personnel must be taught how to use the product and where the software designers get their first view of how the LIMS will fit into and function in the laboratory. The installation phase of a LIMS project can take from weeks to months depending on the size of the laboratory and the complexity of the project. No Staff Training Bench personnel must be taught how to use the LIMS. As with any subject laboratory staff must be taught progressively so that personnel have a chance to use and apply what they learn. In laboratories where the LIMS training has been available and sustained the staff will be using the LIMS at a similar level. This consistency of approach builds team work and staff efficiency increases. In laboratories where training has not been a priority, staff will be using the LIMS at different levels. This situation can create a great deal of competition in the laboratory as turf wars erupt over the adoption of new or unused LIMS features. Poorly trained staff fears the new features and as a result delay or resist their implementation. Poor Feedback Mechanism As noted above communication is a key component of any successful LIMS project. It is important that laboratories make sure that a well-developed feedback mechanism is put in place during the installation of a LIMS so that laboratory personnel can bring forward problems and see quick resolution. Staff often hesitate to bring forward complaints and will instead work around the problem. One successful approach that has been used by organizations to solve this problem has been regular procedural audits. The process required to perform an audit usually brings to light LIMS defects or problems that staff have been coping with. This is has already been implemented for other laboratory procedures in our lab. Conclusion Companies require that quality is part of every link in the supply chain, whether it is raw material at a vendor’s facility or finished goods delivered to a customer. To ensure that the quality personnel are able to achieve the optimum results, a Laboratory Information Management System is vital to that success. How to cite Lims, Papers

History of the Philippine Educational System free essay sample

History of the Philippine Educational System Education in the Philippines evolved from early settlers to the present. Education in the country is in great importance because it is the primary avenue for upward social and economic mobility. Philippine educational system has a very deep history from the past in which it has undergone several stage of development going to the present system of education. Education from Ancient Early Filipinos The education of pre-Spanish time in the Philippines was informal and unstructured.The fathers taught their sons how to look for food and other means of livelihood. The mothers taught their girls to do the household chores. This education basically prepared their children to become good husband and wives. Early Filipino ancestors valued education very much. Filipino men and women know how to read and write using their own native alphabet called alibata. The alibata was composed of 17 symbols representing the letters of the alphabet. Among these seventeen symbols were three vowels and fourteen consonants. Educational System During Spanish PeriodThe educational system of the Philippines during the Spanish times was formal. The Religious congregations paved the way in establishing schools from the primary level to the tertiary level of education. The schools focused on the Christian Doctrines. There was a separate school for boys and girls. The wealthy Filipinos or the Ilustrados were accommodated in the schools. Colonial education brought more non-beneficial effects to the Filipinos. Educational Decree 1863 The first educational system for students in the country was established by virtue of the Education Decree of 1863.In furtherance, the decree required the government to provide school institutions for boys and girls in every town. As a consequence, the Spanish schools started accepting Filipino students. It was during this time when the intellectual Filipinos emerged. The Normal School was also established which gave men the opportunity to study a three-year teacher education for the primary level. Education during the Spanish Regime and Its Colonial Effects to the Filipinos The friars controlled the educational system during the Spanish times.They owned different schools, ranging from the primary level to the tertiary levels of education. The missionaries took charge in teaching, controlling and maintaining the rules and regulations imposed to the students. These missionaries emphasized the teachings of the Catholic religion starting from the primary level to the tertiary level of education. The students in the primary level were taught the Christian Doctrines, the reading of Spanish books and a little of the natives language. Science and Mathematics were not very much taught to the students even in the universities.Aside from the Christian Doctrines taught, Latin was also taught to the students instead of Spanish. The schools before were exclusive for the Spaniards. The Filipinos were only able to enter the schoo. 1 in the late 19th century. The schools also limited their accommodations to the sons of wealthy Filipino families in 1863. Although the schools were already open for Filipinos, the friars still believed that the Filipinos would not be able to match their skills and that the only way for the Filipinos to learn fast was to impose upon them strict discipline which means applying corporal punishment.Schools Built By the Spaniards The schools for boys and girls were separated. The first established schools were exclusive for the boys. The Augustinians built the first school in the Philippines situated in Cebu in 1565. College was equivalent to a university during the Spanish regime. The student graduated with the degree in Bachelor of Arts (Bachiller en Artes). The first college school for the boys was the Colegio de San Ignacio which was established by the Jesuits in Manila in 1589. They also established the Colegio de San Idelfonso in Cebu in 1595.In 1601, Colegio de San Jose was established. Meanwhile, in 1589, the Escuela Pia was entrusted by the government to the Jesuits. Later, this was called Ateneo de Municipal which is now the famous Ateneo de Manila University. The Dominicans also made a name as they established one of the best universities in the Philippines, the University of Santo Tomas, that was opened in 1611. In 1630, the Dominicans established another university, the San Juan de Letran for the orphaned boys. Colegio de Santa Potenciana was the first school and college for girls. This was opened in 1589.Following the birth of the first school for women, Colegio de Santa Isabel opened in 1632. The religious congregations also established schools for the girls called beaterio. The so-called beaterio was meant for orphaned girls who could not afford to educate themselves. The subjects taught were housekeeping, cooking, sewing and embroidery-making, and others intended for good housekeeping. Effects of Colonial Education in the Philippines The effect of education to the Filipinos was only compelled to the friars influences from their lessons based on the Christian Doctrines or teachings.Indeed, the friars were effective in evangelizing the Catholic religion to the Filipinos. One major failure of the educational system of the religious congregations was the withholding of the Filipinos to learn other bodies of knowledge. Besides limiting education to the teaching of Spanish, Latin, and the Filipino languages, the teaching of Religion was also given emphasis. Thus, the teaching of Mathematics and Science were neglected. In entirety, education during the Spanish regime was privileged only to Spanish students. The supposed Philippine education was only a means to remain in the Philippines as colonizers.For this reason, the Filipinos became followers to the Spaniards in their own country. Even auspicious Filipinos became cronies, to the extent that even their life styles were patterned from the Spaniards. Meanwhile, several educated Filipinos referred to as ilustrados began movements directed towards change in the system of government in the Philippines. Despite their wealth and education, the ilustrados were still considered by the Spaniards to be inferior. One of the goals of the ilustrado was to be in the same level with the proud Spaniards. The growing number of ilustrados in the Philippines maybe considered one of the major effects of education by the Spaniards in the Philippines. Educational System During American Period Like the Spaniards, the Americans brought many changes in their 45 years of reign in the country. Until now, these American influences can still be seen in our lifestyle or way of life. The Commonwealth provided free education in public schools all over the country, in accordance with the 1935 constitution. Education also emphasized nationalism so the students were taught about the life of the Filipino heroes.Vocational education and some household activities like sewing, cooking, and farming were also given importance. Good manners and discipline were also taught to the students. The institute of Private Education was established in order to observe private schools. In 1941, the total number of students studying in the 400 private schools in the country reached 10,000. There was also the existence of Adult Education in order to give formal education even to adults. American government gave importance to Education in the Philippines Education became very important for the Filipinos. This was something that theAmericans gave importance to, The spread of democracy and formation of good citizens including the rights and responsibilities of the people were the focus of American education in the country. Education allowed the Americans to spread or share their culture, particularly the English language, to the Filipinos. The American government wanted to give everyone the chance to study so they built public schools for the Filipinos. Volunteer Filipino soldiers became the first teachers of the Filipinos. Part of their mission was to build classrooms in every place where they were assigned.The Filipino soldiers stopped teaching only when a group of teachers from the U. S. came to the Philippines in June 1901. They came aboard the ship Sheridan. In August 1901, 600 teachers called Thomasites arrived. Their name came from the ship they traveled on, the S. S. Thomas. This group became successful in their mission. Every child from age 7 was required to register in schools located in their own town or province. The students were given free school materials. There were three levels of education during the American period.